Cusco (or Cuzco) is one of the most iconic cities in Peru and a must-visit destination for travelers interested in history, culture, and natural beauty. Once the capital of the Inca Empire, Cusco is a vibrant city where ancient Inca and colonial Spanish influences blend together, offering a unique and unforgettable experience for visitors.

Things to Do During a City Tour in Cusco:

1. Plaza de Armas (Main Square):

• The heart of Cusco, the Plaza de Armas, is where the city’s history begins. Surrounded by stunning colonial architecture, the square is the perfect place to start your exploration.
• Key Sites:
  • Catedral del Cusco (Cusco Cathedral) - A beautiful cathedral with a mix of Renaissance and baroque architecture.
  • Iglesia de la Compañía de Jesús - A Jesuit church with intricate artwork and architecture.
• You’ll often find street performers, local artisans, and cafes where you can relax and enjoy the view.

2. Sacsayhuamán:

• A short walk or drive from the city center, Sacsayhuamán is an impressive Inca archaeological site located on a hill overlooking Cusco.
• The site is famous for its massive terraces of finely cut stone that were part of a ceremonial complex. The stones here are so precisely cut that you can’t even fit a piece of paper between them.
• This site offers a fantastic view of the city and the surrounding Andean mountains.

3. Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun):

• The Qorikancha was one of the most important temples in the Inca Empire, dedicated to Inti, the sun god. It was originally covered in sheets of gold and was one of the wealthiest temples in the empire.
• Today, you can see the ruins of the Inca temple alongside a colonial church built by the Spanish, showcasing the blend of Inca and Spanish architecture.
• Don’t miss the beautiful gardens that surround the temple.

4. San Blas Neighborhood:

• The San Blas district is known as the artistic heart of Cusco. This bohemian neighborhood has narrow, cobblestone streets, whitewashed houses, and numerous art galleries and handicraft shops.
• Visit the Plaza San Blas, where you can find artisan workshops, traditional jewelry, and handmade textiles. The area is perfect for wandering and soaking in the atmosphere.

5. Inca Museum (Museo Inka):

• The Inca Museum is an essential stop for anyone interested in learning about the Inca Empire and the history of Cusco. It houses a collection of artifacts, including ceramics, textiles, and mummies, that showcase the technological and cultural advancements of the Incas.
• It’s located just a short walk from the Plaza de Armas and provides valuable insights into the archaeological and historical significance of the region.

6. Qenko:

• Qenko is an Inca archaeological site located just outside of Cusco. It was likely used for ceremonial rituals and is known for its carved stone altars and channels that may have been used for sacrificial rites.
• It is one of the smaller Inca sites in the area but worth visiting for its mystical atmosphere and historical significance.

7. Calle Hatun Rumiyoc (Street of the Twelve Angled Stone):

• This street is famous for the Twelve-Angled Stone, a masterwork of Inca stonework located on the wall of a building along the street.
• The stone’s 12 perfectly-cut angles fit together so precisely that it’s nearly impossible to slip a piece of paper between them. This is a prime example of Inca architectural prowess.

8. Mercado de San Pedro:

• If you’re looking for an authentic local experience, visit the Mercado de San Pedro, Cusco’s main market. Here you can find fresh produce, local herbs, traditional snacks, and souvenirs.
• The market is also a great place to experience the vibrant colors and smells of Peruvian cuisine. Don't forget to try chicha morada (a traditional purple corn drink) or a fresh fruit juice.

9. Cusco Cathedral:

• Situated on the Plaza de Armas, the Cusco Cathedral is a grand example of colonial architecture. Built on the site of an Inca palace, this cathedral showcases a mix of baroque and Renaissance styles.
• Inside, you’ll find impressive altars, paintings, and wooden carvings, as well as a collection of religious artifacts.

10. Tipón:

• Located just outside Cusco, Tipón is an Inca agricultural site that showcases terraces, canals, and water fountains that were used by the Incas for irrigation.
• This site offers both a glimpse into the agricultural innovation of the Incas and a beautiful setting with views of the Andean mountains.

Other Activities in Cusco:

• Sacsayhuamán Festival: If you're in Cusco during the Inti Raymi festival (usually held in June), you can witness a reenactment of ancient Inca rituals in the Sacsayhuamán ruins, one of the biggest cultural events in Peru.
• Peruvian Cuisine: Try iconic Peruvian dishes like cuy (guinea pig), alpaca meat, ceviche, and pachamanca (a traditional Andean feast). Cusco has many restaurants that offer these delicacies, as well as options for international food.
• Shopping for Souvenirs: Cusco is famous for its artisan markets, where you can buy textiles, pottery, jewelry, and handmade goods. Visit the San Pedro Market or Plaza de Armas for these items.

Best Time to Visit:

• The best time to visit Cusco is from April to October when the weather is drier and more pleasant for sightseeing. However, June and July can be crowded due to the Inti Raymi Festival.
• The rainy season (from November to March) sees fewer tourists, but there can be some heavy rainfall, especially in January and February.

Conclusion:

A city tour of Cusco offers an extraordinary opportunity to explore the fascinating blend of Inca and colonial heritage, from ancient temples and archaeological ruins to vibrant markets and cultural traditions. Cusco is a city where history comes alive at every corner, and its rich cultural legacy makes it a key starting point for any journey to the Sacred Valley or Machu Picchu.